Hemudu Site: One of the 'Top 100 Archaeological Discoveries of the Century'
Hemudu site. [Photo by Wang Peng]
By Dong Na
On the morning of October 18, good news arrived from The Third China Archaeology Conference held in Sanmenxia City, Henan Province: Ningbo Yuyao Hemudu Culture Site was selected as one of the "Top 100 Archaeological Discoveries of the Century".
The Yuyao Hemudu site, with three neolithic settlement sites belonging to Hemudu culture as its core, is the most dazzling treasure of Ningbo's historical and cultural heritage.
The Treasure of Ningbo's
Historical And Cultural Heritage
At the end of 2018, Ningbo started the application for Hemudu National Archaeological Site Park. In 2020, the release of the latest archaeological results of the site of Jingtoushan allowed Ningbo's historical axis to be extended again, advancing the origin of Ningbo's humanistic history by more than 1,000 years.
The Jingtoushan site is the only prehistoric shell mound site discovered in Zhejiang province, and also the oldest, deepest buried, and richest of its kind discovered in coastal areas of China. It fills many gaps in prehistoric archaeology in China and is of great significance to the study of the origin of China's maritime culture. For those reasons, the Jingtoushan site was added to the application. The Ningbo plan of the Hemudu National Archaeological Site Park has taken into consideration its surrounding environment and key neighboring remains.
The Park will put equal emphasis on both protection and development, with the Hemudu site, Tianluoshan site, Zishan site and Jingtoushan site as the main body, to create a comprehensive public cultural activity space with the functions of heritage protection, display and utilization, value dissemination, scientific research and education, and cultural leisure.
Next, Ningbo will also plan to build the Hemudu Museum, integrating a series of prehistoric cultural site resources and scientific information in "Ancient Ningbo Bay" and the surrounding area, to promote the research of prehistoric archaeology and marine civilization in Ningbo area.
87-year-old Expert Recalls
His Participation in Archaeology
Recalling the experience of participating in two archaeological excavations at the Hemudu site back then, the 87-year-old archaeologist Lin Shimin still feels the thrill. "This is the proudest thing I've ever done in my life," he said.
Lin Shimin, who has been involved in the protection of cultural relics and archaeological work in Ningbo since 1962, said that the Hemudu site is considered to be the largest and most significant archaeological discovery in Zhejiang since the founding of the People's Republic of China, and since then the importance of prehistoric culture in the Yangtze River basin and the entire southern region of China has been recognized.
In December 1973, the first archaeological excavation of the Hemudu site officially began. The area of the first archaeological excavation was only five to six hundred square meters. The most impressive scene of the first archaeological excavation, which lasted for more than three months, was the discovery of rows of neatly arranged wooden piles. Lin said he had traveled to many sites in the Yellow River basin before and had never seen such a construction method.
In the winter of 1977, the second archaeological excavation began at the Hemudu site, covering an area of more than 2,000 square meters. This time, the experts got a complete understanding of the area, scale, form and construction process of the Hemudu ancestors who built the stilt style buildings.
A few years later, "Hemudu site" was officially written into textbooks. Not only has the Hemudu site rewritten the history of China, but also made the archaeology of Zhejiang and Ningbo nationally famous.
Ningbo Archaeologists
Set New Goals
"The Hemudu site was selected from 321 participating projects nationwide, and it was very difficult to be selected, proving the profundity of our history and culture in Ningbo and its important position and role in the history of Chinese archaeological development," Wang Jiehua, Director of Ningbo Cultural Heritage Management Institute, said.
Wang said that the archaeological community in Ningbo is super excited that the Hemudu site has become one of the "Top 100 Archaeological Discoveries of the Century" and will take this opportunity to do a better job of archaeological work in the future.
As he sees it, first of all, Ningbo will strengthen heritage protection, continue to discover and excavate the origin of Ningbo regional civilization and even Chinese maritime civilization, and focus on important topics, such as the site of Jingtoushan, the site of Hemudu and work of "coastline archaeology".
Secondly, Ningbo will continue to support underwater archaeology and the studies on "Maritime Silk Road", including the application for World Heritage, among others. Such efforts will provide a more solid scientific basis and make cases for the history of human development in Ningbo, the history of the construction of the port, and the history of the city's opening up to the outside world.
Wang said that in the future, the Institute will be devoted to solidly promoting basic and day-to-day archaeological work, and at the meanwhile promoting innovative development by combining multiple teams and disciplines to explore more directions of archaeological studies.